Chikungunya
is a disease spread to humans through the bite of an infected mosquito. It
typically causes fever combined with arthritis-like pain in the joints.
There
is no vaccine or medication to protect against chikungunya.
What is my risk?
Travellers
are at risk when visiting areas where chikungunya occurs and in areas being
affected by a chikungunya outbreak.
The
risk is higher during the daytime, particularly around sunrise and sunset.
Mosquitoes that can transmit chikungunya bite even in shady areas, when it is
overcast, or if you are indoors.
How is it transmitted?
- Chikungunya is spread through the bite of an infected
mosquito carrying the chikungunya virus, mainly the Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus species.
- Mosquitoes that carry chikungunya virus bite mainly
during the daytime.
What are the symptoms?
- Symptoms can take up to 12 days to appear, but usually
begin within 3-7 days after being bitten by an infected mosquito.
- They generally include fever and joint pain. Other
symptoms can include fatigue, headache, nausea, vomiting, muscle pain, and
rash.
- Most people recover after a few days, though in some
cases joint pain may persist for weeks or months. Gastrointestinal, eye,
neurological and heart complications have sometimes been reported.
- Complications are rare but can be more common in infants,
older travellers and people with chronic medical conditions (for example,
diabetes, hypertension).
Can chikungunya be treated?
There
is no specific treatment for chikungunya. Medication can be provided to relieve
symptoms.
Where is chikungunya a concern?
Chikungunya
occurs in Africa, Asia, the Caribbean and the Indian subcontinent.
A
map
of the areas where chikungunya occurs is available on the World Health
Organization’s (WHO) website.
Recommendations
Consult
a health care provider or visit a travel health clinic preferably six weeks
before you travel.
- Protect yourself from mosquito bites,
particularly around sunrise and sunset.Those that may be at higher risk of
complications include infants, older travellers and people with chronic
medical conditions.